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- I
- Isoleucine.
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- independent assortment (Mendel's second law)
- The principle that in unlinked loci, the alleles of one locus segregate independently of the alleles of the other.
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- inferred tree
- A phylogenetic tree based on empirical data pertaining to extant taxa.
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- informative site (diagnostic position)
- A site that is used to choose the most-parsimonious tree from among all the possible phylogenetic trees. In molecular evolution, a site where there are at least two different kinds of nucleotides or amino acids, and each of them is represented in at least two sequences.
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- initiation codon
- The first codon in the reading frame of a protein-coding gene; usually, ATG encoding methionine in eukaryotes and formylmethionine in prokaryotes.
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- in-phase overlapping
- The condition in which two or more proteins are translated in the same reading frame.
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- insertion
- A mutation in which one or more nucleotides are inserted into a DNA sequence.
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- insertion sequence
- A transposable element carrying no genetic information except that which is necessary for transposition.
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- internal gene duplication (partial gene duplication)
- Repeated sequences within a gene that have been derived from duplications involving less than the entire gene sequence.
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- internal node
- The graphical representation of an ancestral organism or gene in a phylogenetic tree.
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- intron (intervening sequence)
- A DNA segment of a transcribed gene, the transcript of which is removed in the process of RNA maturation and, therefore, does not appear in the mature RNA molecule. Resides between exons.
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- invariant repetition
- The existence of repeated DNA segments that are identical or nearly identical in sequence to one another.
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- inversion
- A mutation that causes a DNA segment to assume a reverse polarity.
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- isoaccepting tRNA
- A tRNA molecule that recognizes more than one codon.
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- isochore
- A genomic DNA segment that is homogeneous in base composition.
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- isozyme (isoenzyme)
- Any of the distinct forms of an enzyme that have identical or nearly identical chemical properties but are encoded by different loci.
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- iterative alignment
- A multiple sequence alignment technique wherein after a progressive alignment is completed, the initial sequence clusters are re-aligned to maximize the alignment score.
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- IUB
- International Union of Biochemistry.
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- IUPAC
- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
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